Nobel Prize 2025: Celebrating Excellence Across Disciplines

The 2025 Nobel Prizes have been awarded to individuals and groups whose groundbreaking work has significantly advanced human understanding and progress. Here’s an overview of the laureates across all categories
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Shimon Sakaguchi were honored for their pioneering research on regulatory T cells, which are crucial for maintaining immune tolerance and preventing autoimmune diseases. Their discoveries have laid the foundation for new therapeutic approaches in treating conditions like multiple sclerosis and cancer.
Nobel Prize in Physics
John M. Martinis, Michel H. Devoret, and John Clarke were recognized for their experiments on a chip that revealed quantum mechanical effects, demonstrating both quantum tunneling and quantized energy levels in a system large enough to be held in the hand.
Nobel Prize in Chemistry
Susumu Kitagawa, Richard Robson, and Omar M. Yaghi were awarded for their development of metal-organic frameworks, which have applications in harvesting water from desert air, extracting pollutants from water, capturing carbon dioxide, and storing hydrogen.
Nobel Prize in Literature
László Krasznahorkai, a Hungarian author, was honored for his compelling and visionary body of work that reaffirms the power of art amidst apocalyptic themes. His notable works include Satantango and The Melancholy of Resistance.
Nobel Peace Prize
María Corina Machado, a Venezuelan opposition leader, received the Peace Prize for her tireless work promoting democratic rights and her struggle to achieve a just and peaceful transition from dictatorship to democracy in Venezuela.
Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel
Joel Mokyr, Philippe Aghion, and Peter Howitt were awarded for their contributions to understanding innovation-driven economic growth. Mokyr identified the prerequisites for sustained growth through technological progress, while Aghion and Howitt developed the theory of sustained growth through creative destruction.